Germany's Merz Proposes Nuclear-Sharing with France and UK Amid US Security Concerns
Germany's chancellor-in-waiting, Friedrich Merz, has sparked a fresh debate on European nuclear defence. He expressed interest in a potential nuclear-sharing arrangement with France and the UK, echoing concerns among European leaders about the US's commitment to their security. This comes as NATO establishes a nuclear planning group to enhance transparency and consultation on nuclear issues.
Merz's suggestion follows French President Emmanuel Macron's March proposal to discuss assigning France's nuclear mission to protect other European countries from Russian threats. Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk has even floated the idea of Poland acquiring its own nuclear weapons, highlighting the growing unease among European leaders.
Europeans worry about the US's continued extension of nuclear deterrence to the continent. The U.S. maintains around 5,044 nuclear warheads, with about 100 B-61 bombs stationed in five European countries. However, recent US actions have raised doubts about its commitment to European security and the NATO alliance.
Historically, Europe has grappled with nuclear weapon development. Post-WWII efforts like the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) focused on peaceful nuclear technology. Germany, France, and Italy discussed joint nuclear weapon development in the late 1950s. However, France developed an independent nuclear deterrent in 1966, and Germany committed to not producing nuclear weapons on its soil. The Cold War and arms control treaties like the Non-Proliferation Treaty have since shaped European nuclear policies.
Merz's interest in a nuclear-sharing arrangement reflects growing European concerns about their security in the face of perceived wavering US commitment. As NATO enhances its nuclear planning and consultation, European leaders continue to explore their nuclear options, potentially reshaping the continent's defence landscape.
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